Dene Park still muddy - Enchanter's Nightshade

The Enchanter's Nightshade, Circaea lutetiana, is in full flower along the tracksides at the moment. This is a very common woodland plant throughout the UK except the north of Scotland. There is also an Alpine species found in upland woodlands. 

Apparently a traditional wound treatment. The Latin name is after Circe the Goddess of Magic, known for her knowledge of herbal medicine, and lutetiana referring to Paris or the botanists of Paris.

The delicate two-petalled whitish flowers are well spaced within each raceme. The flower stalk and the sepals are covered in long hairs.

Spreads by long thin vegetative stolons, as well as the fruiting burrs. Here is a picture of one of the typical patches of heart-shaped leaves topped by the tiny groups of flowers.

Solitary bees at Capel

 

On a full flowering Blackthorn on a walk around Capel, I found a few solitary bees. There was a drone fly as well, but I didn't ID that.

Here is the female bee, which might tentatively be identified as Andrena dorsata on the basis of the limited narrow hair fringes on the abdomen, the tawny hairs on the thorax - maybe white beneath, like the head hairs? Maybe the hairs on the legs are also a bit reddish, which should fit.

and here is a male which was close by, possibly an entirely different species, of which i couldn't begin to guess.

Woodwarts on Hazel

 

I found some dead stems in a Hazel stool by the side of the muddy steep slope on the main path round the woods. On this one were some Woodwart looking fungi, apparently quite old and solidified, all along the stem. Judging by the colour and shape I would still say that this was fairly like Hazel Woodwart, Hypoxylon fuscum. I was unable to get any samples for KOH testing. 

 

I think there might be a separate tar crust under the peeling bark. Might be worth peeling back a bit more bark to see if there are any fresh surfaces to examine.

This next one looks different though, blacker and also erupting out of the thin bark. This was found near the Scambles, but fairly near the grass triangle end. Its just got a very different "jizz" to it.

   

A tar crust on Ash - Biscogniauxia petriniae possibly

This is a highly tentative ID. I was having a look at the patch of Ash coppice that as been hard hit by Ash Dieback. All the patches of fruiting body now appear very dessicated and featureless. However when you do look at the last image, which is the only one patch on the whole stem revealing any papillae, it is brownish with slightly papillate perithecia, which fits. I really don't think it is worth trying to extract any pigments! As a cautionary tale, you can get mixed populations of tar crusts on Ash, making things even more complicated. 

 

A tar crust on Beech - Biscogniauxa nummularia, Nemania sp or Diatrype stigma?

What I think is probably a Beech branch on the forest floor, so this could be Biscogniauxia nummularia, a Nemania sp or Diatrype stigma, all quite common tar crusts on this particular tree, although there could also be quite a few others that this could be, mostly in the many Ascomycete Pyrenomyocete fungi. 

On Tuesday, I found a dead dried out Beech tree with a huge streak of a tar crust up its trunk. This would fit with the classic model of Biscogniauxia nummularia, running from the roots upward as seen in Lynne Boddy's paper. In this case it is uncertain whether it is drought, or the death of the tree from another cause, which encouraged this excessive growth and fruiting of the fungus.

Basidioradulum radula or Radulomyces molaris?

By the path beside the front Spruce department I came across a blackened fallen log and on the underside were a Slime Mould and a Toothed Crust. After thinking of Radulomyces molaris for a while, I went for a little while for the Toothed Crust Fungus, Basidioradulum radula, but eventually returned to Radulomyces molaris.

I think that I have seen some older fairly decrepit specimens of this same fungus in different places in Dene Park, suggesting that is fairly well established in the woodland. My only concern at the moment is that Basidioradulum is supposed to be found mainly on attached branches of deciduous trees according to Laessoe and Petersen - and I think I mainly see it on the ground! Maybe I just haven't seen the fresh stuff! 

Here is today's photograph, the second one a closer view:

see how the teeth have changed direction - was the log moved?

Further up the log was some possibly Badhamia utricularis, (or not) a myxomycete that feeds on fungi, possibly feeding off this Radulomyces molaris or Basidioradulum radula.

Bimbling in the front Beech compartment

Had another look for Holly Parachute and again no luck. 

Found some old, battered and rather algal covered Turkey Tail on a fallen branch in the dead hedge, rather pretty in the sweeping colour patterns.