Haysden Country Park

The walk today was around the very busy Haysden Country Park on the outskirts of Tonbridge. The site was really chosen because its quite close to Tonbridge station, our next port of call, actually to pick Olive up, returning from her trip during the week to see Nain in North Wales.

The park is very well used, by dog-walkers, cyclists, and also couples and families just out to enjoy the sunshine. Its a very pleasant environment, very good for wildlife as well as having many attractions for the public.

Its also good for watersports as these canoists are demonstrating:

And its got some high quality wooden statues and totems:

As we got into the park, I noticed that the water level in the shallows was really quite low, as you might expect from the very limited rainfall over the past few months.

It didn't stop an intrepid boater paddling his way through the vegetation, towards the Shallows Bridge - although I don't know whether he got much further than that!

There are still a reasonable number of flowers still about, better than many places in the area. This was the last of the common toadflax, Linaria vulgaris

and here are a few of the remaining Comfrey flowers, Symphytum, growing by the river. They could either be Common Comfrey, Symphytum officinale or perhaps more likely the introduced hybrid Russian Comfrey, Symphytum x uplandicum. The styles are particularly persistent in the flowers as the corolla is shed in this genus:

This is the Himalayan Balsam or Policeman's helmet, Impatiens glandulifera, a plant introduced by the Victorians, but now escaped into the countryside and dominating many river banks across the country. As the young leaves and seed pods are edible, this might turn out to be its Achilles heel!

These are the green seed pods getting ready to spontaneously burst open and spread their seeds metres away from the parent plant,

By the high bank of the shallows, there is a patch of new shrub planting probably from last autumn/winter and the "weeds" have taken advantage of the soil disturbance to grow in the opened up patch during the last season, thus giving rise to a patch of Hawkweed Oxtongue, Picris hieracioides. These are clearly in full flower this week - both species of Oxtongue do flower late, certainly into October, as also seen at Cliffe Pools yesterday.

Again you can see the orangey discolouration of the underside of the outer florets, also seen in the Bristly Oxtongue. It may be that this colouration is found more on the younger capitula, as you can sometimes see on the unfolding inflorescences, on the right in these pictures. The insect on the flower on the left might be a solitary bee or a solitary wasp - I can't get any further than that!

This is therefore one of the most likely hotspots in the Park for hoverflies, and sure enough on my first approach I found a Helophilus species nectaring. This genus is more usually found feeding on the honeydew on leaves, although it does get onto flowers, for example in gardens. The leaf nectar resource is nearly exhausted this late in the year, so they do seem to be even more likely to turn to the nectar or pollen to be directly found in flowers.

This species seems most likely to be Helophilus pendulus, a species that I don't think I've seen before, although the genus is a bit difficult. I have seen some other Helophilus specimens that I have tentatively ascribed to Helophilus hybridus. However this one has got a good black central face stripe, a good black bar towards (but not quite reaching) the rear of tergite two and across the full width of the tergite. Fairly conclusively only the distal third of the hind tibia are black, which should be characteristic of the species. I think its a female, but I can't be sure in this genus.

This picture is a bit blurry at the face end, but shows the abdominal and wing patterns up quite clearly. The outer cross vein points outwards rather than cutting back and veins R2/R3 are nicely separated where they reach the wing margin, not fused into one outer "stalk". The smaller buff patches are rather variably separated from the main orange ones according to the books, but appear quite reliable in many photos of the species on the web.

This picture is a bit better on the central black face-stripe and the limitation of black on the hind tibia to a maximum of one third of the distal end of the limb, which separates it from the most closely related species. Another feature is the yellow at the distal end of the hind femur, thus joining the yellow at the proximal end of the tibia.

This picture appears to suggest that the insect is sucking from the stigmas or anthers, rather than going deep into the florets for nectar. Its also a very good shot indeed of the wing vein pattern.

Then a Sphaerophoria scripta male turned up briefly

and finally a very dark drone fly, Eristalis tenax,

On the Impatiens glandulifera down on the peaty island in the river, the bees were still active, exploring the complex geography of the hooded flowers.

A little later on, by the Stony Lock, several dragonflies were scooting around in the clearing overhead. I got a glimpse of one of them and thought it was possibly a migrant hawker, but it was only a very brief glimpse and its so easy to make a mistake with these.

Then on the way out I checked the Hawkweed Oxtongue again and spotted the dark variant of Eristalis tenax one last time, getting a good photo of its hairy dark hind legs.

and in a rather blurry close-up, the double dark stripe of hairs running diagonally across its compound eye!

Cliffe Pools

Spread our wings a little today, and headed to the Thames Esturary and the RSPB reserve at Cliffe Pools. This is proper Dickens Country, the North Kent marshes and its industrial heritage in full measure.

As soon as we got out onto the path I noticed that the Bristly Oxtongue, Picris echioides, actually wasn't - and it turned out to be that species' fairly close relative, the Hawkweed Oxtongue, Picris hieracioides. This is a species likely to be native to the British Isles, relatively common in the South East but rarer elsewhere, at least according to Stace. It has been introduced widely to other parts of the world such as North America, Australia and New Zealand.

This is a plant I haven't been aware of seeing around before, but that could be because its a relatively late flowerer - I'll have to check back on some of the other areas of disturbed or marginal ground where I've seen the very common echioides, to see whether there is some hieracioides mixed amongst it! They did seem to be well intermixed at Cliffe, with hieracioides being by far the commoner seen there today. Oddly enough it turns out that hieracioides is thought to be native, while echioides may be a quite successful introduced species from Southern Europe.

I am fairly sure I've got the identification right - however in all the descriptions I look at there are no textual references to the quite often seen orangey outside of the outer floret ligules.

Meadows North Access Trail path

Its strange how sometimes you set out with an aim in mind, and that may or not work out, but something else turns up instead of, or in addition to, the original aim, that perhaps turns up trumps in the most unexpected of ways.

This was not a particularly nice day, in contrast to the rest of the month to come, and when we set out towards the pond in meadows North I had little expectation of seeing much - and my expectations were fulfilled!

So no results, and no photos from the pond itself, but on the way back I saw the wall lettuce in its rosette form - obvious when you know where it is growing, to look out for these which grow late in the year from seed germinated earlier this year, after the previous year's rosettes have shot up their flowering spikes this year and gone to seed, that seed then germinating the following year - I think!

I also found just one insect during the day, a really nice shield bug that I hadn't seen before - that makes THREE shield bugs I have identified this year - WOW!

This is Pentatoma rufipes, that might be called the red-legged shield bug. ID features include the overall red legs with the chequered sidebars on the side of the abdomen. The antennae are reddish at the base (just visibly in one of the pictures) with two darker sections at the tips. The tip of the prothorax is orangey-red like the legs, which contrasts obviously with the sidebars. The wings just show light at the very tip of the abdomen. The "horns" at the shoulders are quite obvious and pointed.

This poor thing has lost a complete left rear leg and part of its left antenna.

Overlooking my efforts was the Hadlow Tower, wrapped in blue and waiting for the kind attentions of the restorers.

Whetsted gravel pits

Today, on the hottest October day ever recorded in Britain, I took Monty over the Medway at East Lock and on the circular walk through the Whetsted Gravel pits.

The fields on the way to East Lock have been thoroughly cultivated - the Oil Seed Rape seedlings I saw last week have been cultivated in, so were presumably an unwanted volunteer crop.

As we look back up the hill towards the higher terraces you can see the lighter colour of the soil on the dryer land with less organic matter. Only half of this higher field has been cultivated!

Ditches cleared out, fairly destitute of apparent life. Canoists in the Medway and the canoe flume and fish staircase of the lock bypass sluice.

Ivy on the pill-box attracting bees, wasps Sphaerophoria scripta (actually the first time I've seen it on ivy).
Also Eristalis tenax, the so called drone fly from its resemblance to drone bees, with its hairy black legs held low to mimic the bees - its incredibly effective! This is a species that I've not seen much if at all during high summer, but I have noticed since the start of September, replacing the now vanished Eristalis pertenax!

E. tenax has a dark form which I seem to have come across several times in the past few weeks, with the abdominal patches very black as opposed to the normal orange as seen here, but the real characteristics in all this species' colour forms are the obviously hairy dark hind legs, particularly the tibiae.

At the first gravel pit I was photographing the hawker dragonflies as a young chap was splashing around frightening the waterfowl with some very loud and boisterous games with his three dogs. I hope he isn't going to make a habit of it - but then the weather won't always be like this! As there was so much racket I let Monty go for an extended swim in the smaller shallow gravel pit extension.

Migrant hawkers trawling for females along the bank. weaving in and out of the sedges, only one female seen, at least half a dozen males.

Male Common Darter

One possibly two Common Blue damselfly

As I got out onto the causeway leading to the the first gravel pit I saw a Small Copper butterfly, Lycaena phlaeas, just resting I think, and not nectaring, on a closed inflorescence of Bristly Oxtongue. The wings of this adult were a bit chewed up, indicating it has been around for a little while. This will be one of the third and last generation of adults to fly this year. As on previous occasions I just saw the one butterfly today, and this is quite normal for a visitor to a site where these insects occur. It should be the representative of a small colony that lives here or nearby,or perhaps it is a wanderer.

Little is known of their ability to move and establish new colonies elsewhere, but they certainly do move about. The last one I saw was on the Bourneside Meadow beside the River Bourne, and I suspected that there was a colony established there. Could there therefore be two colonies in the parish boundary, or perhaps even more if I look harder? The only other place I've seen them this year that I can remember is at Queendown Warren on the Kent Wildlife Trust Butterfly Study Day, but they are said to be quite a common butterfly.

Swans, coots, greylag geese, two little Grebes, Podiceps whistling away, reminding me of the first time I ever heard that sound, on the lakes in the magical surroundings of the Momela Game Reserve. I thought then it was one of the most beautiful sounds I had ever heard as it echoed off the surrounding hills. I keep on wanting to hear it in the UK but hardly ever do, so it was lovely to listen to the piping whistles today.

Two lapwings flew over

More hawkers, but impossible to confirm them to species as it was now nearly five and the light was already going.

Two herons went over the second gravel pit.

Gulls mainly black-headed, at least one herring gull, at least one lesser black-backed, Mute swans, Canada Geese, my first shoveller of the autumn, at least one gadwall, several great crested grebes, more coot, at least one moorhen, a group of jackdaws on the bank and a couple of jays. Two late cygnets still brown.

One female Common Darter sunning itself on a wooden post, this species is commonly seen like this, do ther members of the genus do it, several probable males, all just as you leave the pit and get into the Ash shaw.
Plenty of motor boats tied up by the side of the river and camping for the weekend - looked pretty idyllic!
There was a hot air balloon trip up above Golden Green - not so many of these seen this summer as there used to be in previous years, which is perhaps a sign of the international financial depression. So, it was really nice to see this one!

From Oxenhoath to West Peckham

It was very breezy and quite cool in the late afternoon as Monty and I got out onto the footpath on the Lower Greendsand above Hadlow that leads from the Oxenhoath East Lodge towards the Village Green at West Peckham. The weather had been a bit better earlier on and that had been used in securing optimal conditions for house painting that is progressing well, as we know that this short Indian Summer will not last much into October.

Not much chance of many insects about today, although an unknown dragonfly moved quickly past me along a slightly sheltered hedge line (possibly a late male Black-tailed Skimmer, from a very brief impression of reasonable size combined with a hint of powder blue on the body).

This walk was therefore mainly about exercising Monty and not taking photographs. The field overlooked by the East Lodge has been left to ungrazed meadow this year, and has presumably formed reasonably robust habitat for meadow brown butterflies and possibly others. Behind the lodge chimney you can see the poplar plantation above the Oxenhoath path continuing to supply a bold splash of gold in the autumn landscape.

Even the ivy in the sheltered hedgerows was a bit less exciting today, still with plenty of black Muscid flies and a few median wasps, but no hoverflies in the very poor conditions. As we walked East across the line of the hills, we moved into the intensive strawberry and raspberry area of polythene tunnels operated by several of the farmers in the area. I have little objection to "the sea of plastic" bewailed by others provided the tunnels are well-shielded, carefully managed to keep environmental impact down and heavily balanced by field crops in rotation to the intensive fruit, with lots of emphasis on tall hedges, tree shaws, streams and woodland. The tunnels usually have had their plastic covers removed for the winter dormant period:

As we got closer to West Peckham we also saw sections of newly constructed strawberry beds open to the elements, waiting for their crops to be planted for harvesting next summer. The South facing slope of light sandy soil is warmed effectively by the sun and cold frosty air drains downhill from it, so it makes excellent soft fruit land. Unfortunately this prominent position also means that it is prominently visible from a distance, thus making any visual intrusion of the tunnels and the plastic-mulched beds much more difficult to shield from long distance views, and giving rise to some local concern about the visual blight created,

Down to East Lock

Walked South this afternoon, after painting bits of the house exterior and part of the garden shed, across the River Medway floodplain to the Whetsted Gravel Pits, crossing the river at East Lock.

As we descended the slope dropping down the river terraces from Golden Green on the path towards the lock, I checked the strip of permanent grass at the bottom of the first field, and it was pretty well covered with cats ear, Hypochaeris radicata, supported by a few plants of dandelion, Taraxacum officinale, hogweed, Heracleum sphondyllium, ragwort, Senecio jacobaea and the occasional hawkbit. Overall it made a pretty picture, but there were relatively few insects, just one or two honey bees on the whole area.

It may well be reaching the end of the season, and we had a lot of rain earlier in September, but the weather has been rather dry for quite a few days now. The oil seed rape seedlings in the second field on the path towards the lock are making very little progress and are now showing at least temporary wilting

Once we reached the lock I had a look around the sheltered plants along the bank-side, but again there was very little about.

In the ditches the only thing still in flower appeared to be the common toadflax, Linaria vulgaris,

The little garden next to the lock cared for in memory of a teenage boy drowned years ago in the river just by here was however blooming

Once we had crossed the river I let Monty free in the meadow pasture which had recently been cleared of sheep (we found them later on a field further to the East on the route back)

Again there wasn't much to be seen on the pasture (I thought back to the early summer before the hay was cut, when the grasses were in flower and the meadow browns were fluttering about) but a fairy ring about 4 m across had appeared in compensation!

Its nice to see the fields cultivated ready for next year's crop, and this is the very heavy clay field just before the gravel pits are reached, with no crop showing yet however.

The ditches around the gravel pits have been cleared, and the excess vegetation removed, allowing more light deep into their channels.

On the way to the gravel pits I saw three hobbies, Falco subbuteo, screeching at each other while dogfighting behind the lines of woods and hedges. Fantastic acrobatic little hawks, it won't be long before they are off to Africa! I have only seen a hobby once before, hunting birds on the college farm, so this was a really exciting sight!

Having reached the gravel pits themselves I didn't really see a great deal except the normal waterfowl and gulls, the standard collection of black-headed, herring and lesser black-backed gulls.

On the causeway across the second pit, there was a quite unusual sight for this area, pretty nearly unique to my knowledge, a sheet of lichen "leaves" with large fruiting golf-tee shaped "podetia". This was almost certainly a species of Cladonia, and I think it was either C. fimbriata or C. humilis. The patch was probably about a metre across and may owe its existence here to the possibly low fertility in this made-up ground - a really interesting find!

and then it was time to head back, past the boats anchored by the riverside for the weekend, their owners enjoying their picnics in the fine evening weather,

until we could see North towards the hills overlooking Hadlow, and the promise of a cup of tea when we get home!

To Hazel Wood with an old acquaintance

On a lovely afternoon I parked up at The Swan at West Peckham, ready to walk downhill towards Hazel Wood. My secondary interest was going to be the footpaths sheltered by high hedges on both sides which in the past have proved to be sun-traps for insects. In the pub car-park I recognised a chap walking past whom I knew from his previous involvement in running Platt Junior Cricket Club when Simon had started there nearly a decade ago. So Monty and I joined forces with Peter and his Patterdale Terrier "Pickle", and I only took a few photos all day. The dogs got a good deal of exercise though!

The sun-trap effect worked very well and the ivy flowers in particular attracted hosts of insects, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera (a very nice Red Admiral, Vanessa atalanta). Amongst these were median wasps and the marmalade hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus.


The only photos I took however were of a nicely coloured female hoverfly, Myathropa florea, which is fairly easily recognised by the whitish cross-bars across the dark dorsal surface of the thorax. Its so nice to have at least one hoverfly that one can be reasonably certain of when first spotted with the naked eye!

As usual Hazel Wood itself was very still and with little sign of animal life. Its an interesting wood botanically, with a lot of old hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) coppice under oak (Quercus robur), a good traditionally managed mix for high value wood products before the introduction of mass Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) coppice by the Victorians.

I did take one more photo later on, of a common darter dragonfly, Sympetrum stratiolatum, that was resting up in the sun on the sheltered lee of Hazel Wood.

We and the dogs explored the area thoroughly, the pathways, the wood, the hedgerows, the fields of field lettuce, the irrigation reservoirs - for lettuce over by Vines Farm and for Strawberries up by West Peckham (a grey heron, Ardea cinerea, settled on the West Peckham one) and agreed to try a joint walk again, to see how the dogs get on together. Its very good for Monty to socialise with other dogs on an extended timescale, so we'll see how it all goes!